Circuit optimization techniques aim to minimizing the size, power consumption, and cost of electronic circuits. These techniques here leverage a variety of methods, including manual design adjustments, automated synthesis tools, and novel algorithms. By refining circuit structures and component plac

Semiconductors are the foundation of modern electronics, enabling a range of technologies from smartphones to supercomputers. These materials possess unique electrical properties that can be modified by adding impurities or applying external stresses. This adaptability has led to the development of